Pain Location Guide
Knee Pain
膝痛可能來自退化、半月板、韌帶、軟骨或運動創傷。上落樓梯痛、腫脹、卡住或不穩，都有不同治療方向。
若膝痛影響行路、上落樓梯、蹲下或運動，應找出痛楚來源，而不是長期只靠止痛。
Common Causes
Common Causes Of Knee Pain
Pain in the same area may come from different tissues, including joints, tendons, ligaments, nerves or bones. The following are common possibilities, but diagnosis requires clinical assessment.
Knee Arthritis
常見上落樓梯痛、晨僵、行路痛或關節變形。
Meniscus Tear
可出現膝痛、腫脹、卡住或蹲下困難。
ACL Injury
常見於扭傷或急停轉向後，膝關節不穩。
膝關節軟骨受傷
可引起深層痛楚、腫脹或活動受限。
旁系韌帶受傷
膝內側或外側痛楚，常與碰撞或扭傷有關。
年青人前膝痛
跑跳、上落樓梯或久坐後膝前痛較常見。
貝克氏水囊腫
膝後方腫脹或繃緊，常與關節內問題有關。
膝關節注射治療
可按診斷及嚴重程度考慮，並非所有膝痛都適合。
When To Seek Urgent Medical Help
- 受傷後不能負重
- 膝關節明顯腫脹或變形
- 膝卡住不能伸直
- 發燒或關節紅腫熱痛
- 長者跌倒後膝痛持續
How Does The Doctor Diagnose It?
醫生會檢查膝關節活動、腫脹、穩定性、半月板及韌帶徵象。X 光可評估退化及骨折；MRI 可了解半月板、韌帶、軟骨或骨挫傷；超聲波可評估水囊腫或表淺軟組織。
Treatment Direction
治療可包括藥物、物理治療、體重及活動調整、護膝、注射治療、關節鏡手術、韌帶重建或人工膝關節置換。選擇取決於診斷、嚴重程度、功能需要及康復目標。
Rehabilitation And Prevention
復康重點包括消腫、恢復活動幅度、強化股四頭肌及臀部肌肉、改善平衡及動作控制，並按情況逐步重返運動或工作。
If pain persists, affects activity or follows an injury, consider booking an orthopaedic specialist assessment.
Book Orthopaedic AssessmentWhen To Seek Help
When Should You See An Orthopaedic Specialist?
If pain persists, keeps recurring or already affects daily life, you should not simply endure it. Early diagnosis can help identify the source of the problem, guide suitable treatment and reduce the chance of worsening or repeated injury.
Pain Does Not Settle
If pain has not improved after one to two weeks, or keeps recurring, consider professional assessment.
Affects Daily Life
If pain affects walking, stairs, work, exercise or sleep, it should not be delayed for too long.
Joint Swelling, Locking Or Instability
Swelling, locking, weakness or repeated sprains in joints such as the knee, shoulder or ankle may involve ligaments, meniscus, tendons or cartilage.
Numbness Or Weakness
Numbness, tingling or weakness in the limbs may be related to nerve compression or spinal problems and should be assessed early.
Pain After Fall Or Sports Injury
Obvious pain, swelling, difficulty moving or inability to bear weight after injury should be assessed to exclude fracture or significant soft tissue injury.
Pain After A Fall In Older Adults
In older adults, even mild pain after a fall may still indicate an occult fracture, especially in the hip, wrist or spine.
Patient FAQ
FAQ
No. Many orthopaedic problems can first be managed without surgery, such as medication, physiotherapy, posture and activity modification, braces, injections or rehabilitation training. The specialist’s role is to identify the cause of pain and recommend suitable options.
In general, it is better to see a doctor first for symptom review and clinical examination, then decide whether X-ray, MRI, ultrasound or other tests are needed. Different pain problems require different tests.
If pain recurs, becomes more frequent, affects exercise or daily activity, or is associated with numbness, swelling, weakness or locking, consider an orthopaedic assessment.
Minor strains may improve with rest. However, if there is obvious swelling, inability to bear weight, instability, limited movement, severe pain or suspected fracture, seek medical care promptly.
Not necessarily. Older adults, especially those at risk of osteoporosis, may still have an occult fracture or spinal compression fracture even if they can walk. Persistent hip, back, wrist or shoulder pain should be assessed.
Many orthopaedic problems benefit from rehabilitation after treatment to improve range of movement, strength, balance and function. The doctor will recommend a suitable plan based on the condition and recovery progress.
Pain does not always need to be endured. Early assessment may help prevent worsening.
Many orthopaedic problems do not require immediate surgery. An orthopaedic specialist will first understand your symptoms, perform a clinical examination and arrange X-ray, MRI, ultrasound or other investigations if needed, before recommending suitable options such as medication, physiotherapy, injections, braces, rehabilitation training or surgery when appropriate.
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